Change at DuPont Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Financial services free essay sample

HSBC needs to be known as the world’s nearby bank and this slogan reflects HSBC situating as a globe spreading over monetary foundation with a one of a kind spotlight on serving neighborhood markets. The Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Ltd (HSBC) was set up in 1865 to back the developing exchange among China and the United Kingdom and as of now, it is the second biggest bank on the planet. Regardless of serving in excess of 100 million clients through 9500 branches in 79 nations, the bank endeavors to keep up nearby nearness and neighborhood information every territory. Its major working procedure is staying near its clients. As executive Sir John Bond said â€Å"our position as the World’s nearby bank empowers us to move toward every nation particularly, mixing neighborhood information with an overall working stage. † Ads for the HSBC crusade delineate two unique methods of culture Profile of organization and the portrayal of the market where HSBC works HSBC has more than 7. We will compose a custom exposition test on Budgetary administrations or then again any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page 500 workplaces in 87 nations. It is exceptionally far reaching and has around 220. 000 investors in 124 nations and regions. It gives a full scope of budgetary administrations being Personal Financial Services, Commercial Banking, Corporate Investment Banking and Markets Private Banking. HSBC chiefly works in Europe, Hong Kong, Asia-pacific district, Australia and America. It is keen on the developing markets of Asia-Pacific locale and is constantly intensely putting resources into these districts. The significant top UK contenders of HSBC are Barclays and Royal Bank of Scotland and Those are the organizations activity where HSBC cautiously researches and tracks consistently. Anyway HSBC isn't a bank that follows the thoughts and the administration habits of its rivals. HSBC Holdings PLC has demonstrated consistent development in share cost in the course of the most recent five years and unmistakably shows that an organization merits putting resources into. HSBC Group additionally exhibits consistent development and is an entirely dependable enterprise. These empower us to suggest putting resources into HSBC in view of its development openings and brilliant gainful possibilities. The HSBC banking enterprise is on third situation on the planet concerning resources proprietorship. Practically 22% of HSBC’s benefits have been gotten from Hong Kong, which is a notable operational focus. Known as the world’s nearby bank, HSBC has a past filled with helping a large number of clients all around so as to accomplish their money related yearnings. They comprehend the significance and working of various markets through their involvement with global exchange. Thus, HSBC has developed into an organization or banking establishment that has the most profound regard for various societies and individuals associated with these societies. Their aphorism is to take a gander at their clients as people and endeavor towards giving them a customized administration and charge card items that will fit every one of their particular needs. At the same time, HSBC Group has been attempting to develop a decent notoriety in the US and overcome the business sectors of HSBC †North America, gladly stands one of the main 10 monetary administrations organizations in the United States. Its consolidated group arrived at in excess of 53,000 representatives works with the shared objective of addressing the requirements for around 100 million clients. In the wake of accomplishing the objectives in US, the organization concentrated on creating nations and is progressively intrigued by the developing markets of Asia-Pacific area and is ceaselessly vigorously putting resources into these locales. Besides HSBC is thinking about moving its administrative center from London to Hong Kong. Englands most prominent bank, cautioned key investors this was uninspiring entire year results have made contentions for moving HSBCs residence to Hong Kong unsatisfying†. The financial specialists have been stunned by the quick rigging change in HSBCs audit of its home yet some others have just told the HSBC that they would support the move. Some different speculators said that they comprehended the move and that the bank had been a difference in tone as HSBC audits its house. UKs capital terms for the primary banks, presently is one of the best on the planet and as per the Basel expressions, is required to go much higher. Despite the fact that HSBC refine to the financial specialists that if the terms in Hong Kong is progressively loosened up prerequisites, that can cost less and grow more benefit by making it the best utilization of its accounting report. The loss of HSBCs head office in London, in spite of the way that mishandled for a considerable length of time in light of the raise in budgetary courses of action, would be a serious hit to the Coalition which, conceding a portion of its investor analysis is depending on a private-segment drove recuperation. In any case, HSBC upheld that it chooses for remain in UK and told that a moving toward change in its position was totally theoretical. Showcasing condition of HSBC The most significant goal of the report is to research the business condition of HSBC Holdings PLC. HSBC Holdings additionally is one of the market chiefs in today’s banking world. HSBC head office it very well may be found at London’s Canary Wharf on the HSBC tower. HSBC represents Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation, which was set up by a man from Scotland, named Thomas Sutherland, in 1865. The report presents data about the company’s exercises, budgetary execution and market condition. Experiencing hardly any significant points will furnish financial specialists with sensible review. The initial segment of the fundamental body will principally concentrate on the Company’s Profile and Activities, a short time later the investigation of full scale condition and the small scale condition of the organization, proof of a review of key skills inside the organization followed with the proposals and end. Full scale Environment Analysis PEST ANALYSIS POLITICAL Government is answerable for ensuring the open intrigue. Political strength influences business choice. Buyer insurance. Guidelines of business exercises. Financial Competitor movement. Rivalry for assets. Investment funds. Joblessness numbers. SOCIAL Work life balance. Patterns in shopper practices. Relaxation. Way of life. Innovation Technological organize is accelerating. Innovation grows now items (web). Improved correspondence. Web business. POLITICAL ANALYSIS HSBC banking has been protected by the guidelines and arrangements made by various governments in the nations where they are working. The organization has had the option to stay to the approaches concurred by every administration to ensure that the organization will have the option to achieve business activity effectively and successfully. HSBC Company additionally plans their own resistance techniques other than any administrative limitations and restrictions. Monetary ANALYSIS Being one of the world’s driving and completive organizations in states of banking and fund HSBC said to have a protected and fruitful financial quality. Notwithstanding loads of risks that they meet in numerous pieces of the world, the administration of HSBC make what they should have the option to go past such battles and to have a superior monetary condition and make a shield against joblessness. SOCIAL ANALYSIS HSBC is being influenced by the conditions of the general public where they are being used. By the side of this HSBC invests more energy to ensure that every general public is given similar opportunities to take the advantage of the assets given by the association. The organization hold fast to having great name and relations in the general public that have a place with secure that everything will be standard and leveled out. Mechanical ANALYSIS The pressing circumstance of data innovation, web and for the most part the improvement of innovation impacts how HSBC has been functioning in the previous years. The organization scan for various frameworks and utilized web to get to their costumer everywhere throughout the world and furthermore assist them with knowing the most recent patterns in the worldwide business. With the exception of from these, the organization additionally utilizes extraordinary offices which help at that point to propel their creations and activities and furthermore make them to accomplish their objective. Innovative achievements can make new enterprises which may demonstrate a risk to introduced associations. To sum up PEST investigation takes a gander at the business techniques to comprehend the condition that the organization is working and furthermore to take the points of interest and advantages to limit the dangers and the risks for the business. Miniaturized scale Environmental Analysis - Porter’s Five Forces Potential participants HSBC has numerous dangers from Tesco, Sainsbury’s and an enormous number of different markets consider to go into banking industry because of high benefits that the particular sort of industry offers. Huge grocery stores in UK try to enter without thinking about that those dangers at times breakdown associations, for example, HSBC. In spite of the fact that, HSBC got a few dangers from the market, they were as yet ready to make elevated requirements for the opposition. Solid marking pictures are utilized from HSBC, so the organization won't bring about loss of clients. Dealing intensity of clients An association made a worth which has influenced the occupation from one of the two significant powers customers’ power. The job of this power contains the clients fixation alongside the size. At the end of the day, HSBC dealt with their clients because of permitting the organization to pick up client faithfulness. The procedure that was utilized by HSBC permits them to get an opportunity turning into a world head in banking industry. Danger of substitutes: Another critical danger that HSBC faces is that contenders give new items and administrations. This danger offers the chance to the organization to try sincerely because of being continue to its position. HSBC’s system centers around the four distinctive customers’ areas. Haggling intensity of providers: Customer power mirrors to provider power. This power center around two impo

Kennedy, Ted

Kennedy, Ted Kennedy, Ted (Edward Moore Kennedy), 1932â€"2009, U.S. senator from Massachusetts (1962â€"2009), b. Boston, Mass., youngest son of Joseph P. Kennedy and the last survivor of brothers Joseph P. Kennedy, Jr., John F. Kennedy , and Robert F. Kennedy . A graduate of Harvard (1956) and the Univ. of Virginia Law School (1959), he served (1961â€"62) as an assistant district attorney in Massachusetts before being elected (1962) as a Democrat to the U.S. Senate. After the assassination of his brother Robert in 1968, he became the acknowledged leader of Senate liberals and served (1969â€"71) as assistant majority leader. His political future was clouded by the Chappaquiddick incident (July, 1969), in which Mary Jo Kopechne, a passenger in a car he was driving on an island near Martha's Vineyard, Mass., drowned when the car ran off a bridge. Kennedy's reputation recovered, however, and he became one of the legislature's most effective members. He spearheaded the passage of civil rights leg islation and a host of other bills and advocated such programs as national health insurance and tax reform. He was long considered a potential Democratic president, but withdrew in 1974 from the 1976 race and failed in a 1980 primary challenge to President Jimmy Carter . He chaired the Senate judiciary (1979â€"81), labor and human resources (1987â€"95), and health, education, labor, and pensions (2001â€"3, 2007â€"9) committees. Kennedy was the author of Decisions for a Decade (1968), In Critical Condition (1972), and the posthumously published memoir True Compass (2009). See biographies by W. H. Honan (1972) and A. Clymer (1999); studies by J. M. Burns (1976) and R. Sherrill (1976); B. Hersh, The Education of Edward Kennedy (1972) and The Shadow President (1997). The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. See more Encyclopedia articles on: U.S. History: Biographies

Ip Strategy For Greentech Ltd - 2342 Words

IP Strategy for Greentech Ltd in the area of Low Carbon Technology By Name Presented to Institution Instructor Course Date IP Strategy for Greentech Ltd in the area of Low Carbon Technology Executive Summary Modern businesses cannot survive if they are unable to create, exploit, while at the same time ensure that Intellectual Property (IP) is protected; RD efforts would be compromised, as well. In addition to the expertise provided by professionals, it is nowadays important for organizations to have an IP strategy, or an IP portfolio management process that is aligned to their business processes (Shultz 1996). A clear Intellectual Property Strategy is of significant importance as an organization seeks to develop and exploit†¦show more content†¦The proposed IP strategy is aimed at enabling Greentech Ltd to maximize its Research Division innovative outputs. Additionally, the strategy is targeted at enabling the acquisition of innovative ideas and research outputs of persons who are not employed by Greentech Ltd, and facilitation of entry of such ideas and other new ideas into the market at a faster rate. The paper is divided into three parts; Part I offers a brief background of G reentech Ltd current IP holdings and status, Part II outlines recommendations with regard to how Greentech should manage its current Intellectual Property Portfolio, while Part III describes a high quality IP strategy that Greentech will rely on in the management of any future innovations, especially in the area of Low Carbon Technology. Part One: Background and Introduction Background Greentech Ltd at present has various Intellectual Property holdings; it has, over the years licensed various technologies, specifically, it holds 20 licenses, from other parties as a way of enhancing its research projects. The company continues to pay, as is contained in the licensing contracts, royalties for all the 20 licenses; however, some of those IP holdings are no longer needed. Greentech Ltd has in the past

The Musical Show At Madison Square Garden Or Barclays Center

On Thursday, December 11 at 12:30 pm, I attended the musical show in Studio 312 of the Roosevelt Hall. It s not the typical performance expected when thinking about attending a concert. Most people of this generation would assume it s some performance by a famous artist at Madison Square Garden or Barclays Center. As the title explains, it is chamber music and is a different experience. As for the attire, everyone who took part of the performance were dressed in all black. There were various instruments used such as the harp, piano, viola, flute, guitar, clarinet, violin, and voices ranging from the soprano, mezzo soprano, tenor, and baritone. The flute, viola, and harp opened the program for the Chamber Music for Winds and More. It was an impeccable trio. I haven t ever actually heard a harp when it s at least 100 feet from me and I can say it was quite beautiful. The studio was not a very big one which worked to everyone s advantage. There wasn t a need for amps or speakers as the instruments were heard very clearly and experienced at its pure sound. The movement entitled â€Å"Siete canciones populares† was my favorite out of the entire show. Although the songs were not in English and in Spanish instead, they were still able to grab my attention. I ve actually heard that passively and actively listening to songs in other languages can help you retain the language. It s a gift for language or cultural learners. The mezzo soprano voice and piano accompanimentShow MoreRelatedPoverty, Violence, And Drugs1363 Words   |  6 Pagesshould be recognized by the city of New York. He is very arguably the face of New York. He represents Brooklyn like no other. Jay-Z deserves to be recognized with a monument because of his musical and entrepreneurial success, as well as never forgetting where he came from. There have been many great musical talents to emerge from Brooklyn such as Mos Def, Talib Kweli, and MC Lyte, but none of them have been as skilled and crafty as Jay-Z. From an early age Jay-Z had a love for music. His mother

Live by the foma (harmless untruths) that make you brave and kind and healthy and happy Free Essays

Foma, are an everyday part of life. No one knows if there truly was a person who created the earth and all its inhabitants, or if one person can start a whole new way of life with just one idea. One must live by certain foma, but at the same time a person must know which ones not to live by. We will write a custom essay sample on Live by the foma (harmless untruths) that make you brave and kind and healthy and happy or any similar topic only for you Order Now America itself is one giant foma. There are untruths about religion, family life, war, and society in general spread all across America today. Religions are foma in themselves, for it is not certain what a religion is based on, or if the stories of that religion are even true. People, not just in America, but all around the world believe in something that has not been proved. The family lives in America are also foma. There has not been an American family found in any historical account, in which the children were perfect. Humans are, and will never be perfect. The next major crisis in America is war. Terrorists are trying to attack the country, and they expect to do so just because the country is distracted by a few anti-war protests. No matter how hard people try to argue against war, it always happens, just like no matter how hard soldiers train, they will never be fully prepared for war. Lastly, society is one large foma. Social classes seem to be taking over America. The more money a person has, the more money that person will get. However, if another person has very little money, then his or her amounts of money will just keep decreasing. The way a person walks, talks and acts all contribute to the social status of that person, therefore determining his or her own destiny. Everyone lives by at least one foma, and family life is the most important one. Families all over the world have struggled to be the â€Å"perfect† family seen on television. But no matter how hard they try, it won’t happen. The trouble with the world being all lies, is that it is hard to find a truth to live by. However, there is one: all religions are lies. People do not go to church to make themselves better in the eyes of the Lord, God, etc. Today, prayer is used for the greed of society and not for how it was originally used, to cleanse society. Religion is not worth anything to a person who sees and understands how much of religion is a foma- all of it. No one can tell you what is a truth and what is a foma. People must decide for themselves, or their whole lives will turn into lies. There is a world full of lies, all because people do what others want them to do, just so they can fit into society. A society full of lies is not a society at all, but merely one large foma. How to cite Live by the foma (harmless untruths) that make you brave and kind and healthy and happy, Papers

Inmates Born In Jail Essays - Penology, Substance Abuse, Criminology

Inmates Born In Jail Substance abuse and addiction have changed the nature of America's prison population. Alcohol, drug abusers, addicts, and those who sell illegal drugs dominate state, federal prisons and local jails. Crime and alcohol and drug abuse go hand in hand. Much of the growth in America's inmate population is due to incarceration of drug law violators. With appropriate treatment for substance abuse and addiction, rehabilitation is possible for many of today's prisoners. Once they leave prison they also need continuing aftercare, education and job training. Without treatment and training, most will commit more crimes, get arrested and go back to prison. The choice is ours as well as theirs. Having a group counseling program consisting of 8 to 10 members and one or more trained Chemical Dependency Counselors would be beneficial. The purpose of the group is to provide a safe as well as a challenging place in which to work on personal and interpersonal concerns. Members can discuss their perception of each other and receive feedback on how others perceive them. Establishing trust allows group members to talk openly and honestly. Groups offer opportunity to experiment with different ways of communicating with others and a safe place to try new behaviors. They are able to give support and understanding, offer suggestions, or gently confront the person. Counselor and group members work together to establish trust and commitment to the group. Those who benefit most are usually those who take an active part in the process and who allow themselves to give and receive honest, helpful feedback. The following is information that I obtained from Lt. Kevin Peters at California Institute for Men. In 1980 the State of California had 12 prisons with 32,000 inmates. Today California has 33 prisons with 144,00 inmates. California Institution for Men (CIM) houses 6,500 of these inmates. Over 90% of the inmates at CIM are being incarcerated due to related alcohol and drug crimes. The average sentence is 41.4 months with inmates serving only 21.3 months. One inmate costs taxpayers approximately $232,291.00 for their 21.3 month incarceration, $150,000 for arrest and conviction, another $45,000 for additional bed and $21,470 for housing per year. CIM says 59% to 69% of the inmates are repeat offenders and have served time before. CIM feels it is just a place to house inmates and that there is no structure for rehabilitation. It is not their job to rehabilitate. CIM also states that the inmates have access to programs, such as AA, NA and Control of Substance Abuse for Mental Health. CIM feels that if an inmate wants to attend a program, it is available. It is not mandatory for them to attend and they cannot force an inmate to do so. The desire must be there for the inmate. Most inmates do not attend these programs since they are not mandatory. Most of the inmates dropped out of school due to substance abuse, the major contributing factor regarding their lack of interest in education. Additionally, many inmates come from poverty backgrounds. Why do we continue to release prisoners back to the community still using and still dealing, to commit further crimes and threaten our well-being and that of our children without treating the problem for which they went to prison? I feel that prisons would be a good place to develop the rehabilitation of offenders with substance abuse. The prison system needs to take on a mandatory substance abuse treatment program for all inmates incarcerated due to crimes related to drug use. Continuing to fund and build more prisons for housing offenders of drug abuse are a waste of taxpayers' money. Our prisons are full and the majority of inmates get early releases due to the problem of overcrowding, only to go out and commit more crimes. Drug addiction is a chronic disease. We treat people who have cancer, heart problems or any other disease. Although, the addicts have committed a crime, it doesn't change the fact that they have a disease, we must also treat those who have the disease of addiction. Looking over the different therapeutic community drug abuse treatment in prisons throughout the country, we may ask, why haven't all prisons adopted a program to treat inmates with an addiction on a mandatory basis? We must target these institutions because they house the parents of children and their child's future. If the parents are setting the example that drugs are okay and are doing time and repeated time, then what kind of future is in store for these children? Statistics show and

Review of «Adapting Kohlberg to Enhance the Assessment of Managers Moral Reasoning» by James Weber

Review of  «Adapting Kohlberg to Enhance the Assessment of Managers Moral Reasoning » by James Weber Introduction This write-up intends to review an article written by James Weber titled Adapting Kohlberg to Enhance the Assessment of Managers’ Moral Reasoning. The main areas that this essay will tackle include: the basis of the article, the main points presented in the article and a critical evaluation of the article with reference to how well the article achieves its goals, shortcomings, possibilities suggested by the article and conclude with the most convincing points.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Review of  «Adapting Kohlberg to Enhance the Assessment of Managers’ Moral Reasoning » by James Weber specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In the article, Weber seeks to illustrate how to enhance Kohlberg’s Moral Judgment Interview and the Standard Issue Scoring Method by conducting an empirical study that uses four adaptations. The main purpose of the article was to illustrate that, there are ot her scientifically acceptable methods, which are, a modification of Kohlberg methods that can be utilized in the quest of enhancing the assessment of the level of moral reasoning for managers. Based on the evidence presented inform of discussions and sample interview questions, Weber was able to convince me on the applicability and generalization of his findings. Background information Conflict resolution in any organizational setting is an essential facet that ensures proper workplace relations, interactions and performance thus ensuring that organizational goals are met in due time. Weber in this article strives to provide better ways of assessing the manager’s level of reasoning with reference as to how they deal with emerging conflicts in the workplace. In order to critically evaluate the applicability, generalization and the internal validity of Weber’s empirical research, I will evaluate the nature and scope of his literature review, sample size, data collection tools, data presentation and analysis and discussions. Summary Weber has justified the relevance of assessing the level of moral reasoning for managers by indicating that managers are continuously faced with substantial conflicting issues in the work place thus, the need to assess their level of ethical and moral reasoning in dealing with such issues (293). Further, to justify for the need to come up with adaptation strategies that are relevant for assessing the moral reasoning for managers, Weber identifies the major shortcomings of Kohlberg instruments of moral assessment by indicating that, â€Å"Kohlberg’s objective was to assess the development of an individual’s moral reasoning from childhood to adult hood†, which is contrary to what Weber sort to assess (294).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Further, Weber has explained Kohlberg assertio n of the reasoning development stages as proconvetional, conventional and postconventional. Weber explains that, according to Kohlberg method of assessing the level of moral reasoning, this stages are relevant in the sense that they present an individual’s reasoning from childhood through to adult hood in relation to the environment that the inhabit (295-296). To test his hypothesis, Weber prescribes four adaptation strategies that build on Kohlberg’s methods. They include more moral dilemmas that are familiar to the client as opposed to familiar dilemmas, probe questions that expound on organizational values, written interviews, as opposed to oral interviews and a Standard Issue Scoring that is more particular on moral concepts (297-304). Weber’s findings indicate that when the managers’ moral reasoning were assessed based on familiar dilemmas, and unfamiliar dilemmas, the responses assessed indicated that familiar dilemmas scores were low and, that they were better placed to assess the level of moral reasoning. Results also indicate that more managers were willing to be interviewed through written interviews â€Å"97%† as opposed to the â€Å"50† response rate recorder for oral interviews (304). Further, the introduction of follow up questions that were related to organizational values was significant in evaluating the managers’ moral responses. Results also indicate that the inclusion of a Standard Issue Scoring tool that was centered on moral concept was insignificant (308). Critical evaluation The main agenda behind Weber’s article was to demonstrate that, there were other viable recognize scientific options other than the conventional Kohlberg moral reasoning assessment tools. Through a well though sample size for the two sets of interviews (oral and written), Weber was able to prove that more managers were inclined to written interviews as it took less time (304-305). Further, the inclusion of the used interview questions (Appendix A) and the use of correlation analysis were tremendously important in this study in order to indicate the differences between Weber’s adapted methods and the original Kohlberg methods. Therefore, the article was able to achieve its goals. The article suggests that, it is possible to come up with a Standard Issue Scoring method that is more competent than Kohlberg’s, by conducting more research on the tool.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Review of  «Adapting Kohlberg to Enhance the Assessment of Managers’ Moral Reasoning » by James Weber specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More He also suggests that, there is a possibility that, a researcher who uses his third adaptation (use of probe questions that focus on organization value) might not get the exact level of moral reasoning because, that adaptation requires careful considerations with reference to the type of que stions asked (308). Generally, the article indicates that, it is possible to use the four adaptations and arrive at a much better conclusion. The general format and presentation of the article was excellent; however, there were some minor shortcomings which included an extremely short literature review and a shallow discussion that had minimal comparison to other research findings on the same topic. Conclusion In conclusion, Weber’s article was exceptionally informative as it derived various convincing points such as it is possible to conduct better moral reasoning assessments for managers by using interviews in written form as opposed to oral interviews and using more familiar dilemmas as opposed to unfamiliar dilemmas. The article also acknowledges that, organizational values have a lot of bearing on how managers resolve conflicts and that a more consistent Standard Issue Scoring tool needs to be developed. Weber, James. â€Å"Adapting Kohlberg to enhance the assessment o f managers’ moral reasoning.† Business Ethics Quarterly 1.3 (1990): 293-318. Print.

Biography of Emilio Aguinaldo, Filipino President

Biography of Emilio Aguinaldo, Filipino President Emilio Aguinaldo y Famy (March 22, 1869–February 6, 1964) was a Filipino politician and military leader who played an important role in the Philippine Revolution. After the revolution, he served as the new countrys first president. Aguinaldo later commanded forces during the Philippine-American War. Fast Facts: Emilio Aguinaldo Known For: Aguinaldo served as the first president of the independent Philippines.Also Known As: Emilio Aguinaldo y FamyBorn: March 22, 1869 in Cavite, PhilippinesParents: Carlos Jamir Aguinaldo and Trinidad Famy-AguinaldoDied: February 6, 1964 in Quezon City, PhilippinesSpouse(s): Hilaria del Rosario (m. 1896–1921), Marà ­a Agoncillo (m. 1930–1963)Children: Five Early Life Emilio Aguinaldo y Famy was the seventh of eight children born to a wealthy mestizo family in Cavite on March 22, 1869. His father Carlos Aguinaldo y Jamir was the town mayor, or gobernadorcillo, of Old Cavite. Emilios mother was Trinidad Famy y Valero. As a boy, he went to elementary school and attended secondary school at the Colegio de San Juan de Letran, but had to drop out before earning his high school diploma when his father passed away in 1883. Emilio stayed home to assist his mother with the familys agricultural holdings. On January 1, 1895, Aguinaldo made his first foray into politics with an appointment as Cavites capitan municipal. Like fellow anti-colonial leader Andres Bonifacio, he also joined the Masons. Philippine Revolution In 1894, Andres Bonifacio himself inducted Aguinaldo into the Katipunan, a secret anti-colonial organization. The Katipunan called for the removal of Spain from the Philippines by armed force if necessary. In 1896 after the Spanish executed Jose Rizal, the voice of Filipino independence, the Katipunan started their revolution. Meanwhile, Aguinaldo married his first wife, Hilaria del Rosario, who would tend to wounded soldiers through her Hijas de la Revolucion (Daughters of the Revolution) organization. While many of the Katipunan rebel bands were ill-trained and had to retreat in the face of Spanish forces, Aguinaldos troops were able to out-fight the colonial troops even in a pitched battle. Aguinaldos men drove the Spanish from Cavite. However, they came into conflict with Bonifacio, who had declared himself president of the Philippine Republic, and his supporters. In March 1897, the two Katipunan factions met in Tejeros for an election. The assembly elected Aguinaldo president in a possibly fraudulent poll, much to the irritation of Bonifacio. He refused to recognize Aguinaldos government; in response, Aguinaldo had him arrested two months later. Bonifacio and his younger brother were charged with sedition and treason  and were executed on May 10, 1897, on Aguinaldos orders. Internal dissent seems to have weakened the Cavite Katipunan movement. In June 1897, Spanish troops defeated Aguinaldos forces and retook Cavite. The rebel government regrouped in Biyak na Bato, a mountain town in Bulacan Province, northeast of Manila. Aguinaldo and his rebels came under intense pressure from the Spanish  and had to negotiate a surrender later that same year. In mid-December 1897, Aguinaldo and his government ministers agreed to dissolve the rebel government and go into exile in Hong Kong. In return, they received legal amnesty and an indemnity of 800,000 Mexican dollars (the standard currency of the Spanish Empire). An additional 900,000 Mexican dollars would indemnify the revolutionaries who stayed in the Philippines; in return for surrendering their weapons, they were granted amnesty and the Spanish government promised reforms. On December 23, Aguinaldo and other rebel officials arrived in British Hong Kong, where the first indemnity payment of 400,000 Mexican dollars was waiting for them. Despite the amnesty agreement, the Spanish authorities began to arrest real or suspected Katipunan supporters in the Philippines, prompting a renewal of rebel activity. Spanish-American War In the spring of 1898, events half a world away overtook Aguinaldo and the Filipino rebels. The United States naval vessel USS Maine exploded and sank in Havana Harbor, Cuba, in February. Public outrage at Spains supposed role in the incident, fanned by sensationalist journalism, provided the United States with a pretext to start the Spanish-American War on April 25, 1898. Aguinaldo sailed back to Manila with the U.S. Asian Squadron, which defeated the Spanish Pacific Squadron in the Battle of Manila Bay. By May 19, 1898, Aguinaldo was back on his home soil. On June 12, 1898, the revolutionary leader declared the Philippines independent, with himself as the unelected president. He commanded Filipino troops in the battle against the Spanish. Meanwhile, close to 11,000 American troops cleared Manila and other Spanish bases of colonial troops and officers. On December 10, Spain surrendered its remaining colonial possessions (including the Philippines) to the United States in the Treaty of Paris. Presidency Aguinaldo was officially inaugurated as the first president and dictator of the Philippine Republic in January 1899. Prime Minister Apolinario Mabini headed the new cabinet. However, the United States refused to recognize the new independent government. President William McKinley claimed that doing so would be at odds with the American goal of Christianizing the (largely Roman Catholic) people of the Philippines. Indeed, although Aguinaldo and other Filipino leaders were unaware of it initially, Spain had handed over direct control of the Philippines to the United States in return for $20 million, as agreed to in the Treaty of Paris. Despite rumored promises of independence made by U.S. military officers eager for Filipino help in the war, the Philippine Republic was not to be a free state. It had simply acquired a new colonial master. Resistance to American Occupation Aguinaldo and the victorious Filipino revolutionaries did not see themselves as the Americans did, as half-devil or half-child. Once they realized they had been tricked and were indeed new-caught, the people of the Philippines reacted with outrage. On January 1, 1899, Aguinaldo responded to the American Benevolent Assimilation Proclamation by publishing his own counter-proclamation: My nation cannot remain indifferent in view of such violent and aggressive seizure of a portion of its territory by a nation which has arrogated to itself the title Champion of Oppressed Nations. Thus it is that my government is disposed to open hostilities if the American troops attempt to take forcible possession. I denounce these acts before the world in order that the conscience of mankind may pronounce its infallible verdict as to who are the oppressors of nations and the oppressors of mankind. Upon their heads be all the blood which may be shed! In February 1899, the first Philippines Commission from the United States arrived in Manila to find 15,000 American troops holding the city, facing off from trenches against 13,000 of Aguinaldos men, who were arrayed all around Manila. By November, Aguinaldo was once again running for the mountains, his troops in disarray. However, the Filipinos continued to resist this new imperial power, turning to guerrilla war after conventional fighting failed them. For two years, Aguinaldo and a shrinking band of followers evaded concerted American efforts to locate and capture the rebel leadership. On March 23, 1901, however, American special forces disguised as prisoners of war infiltrated Aguinaldos camp at Palanan on the northeast coast of Luzon. Local scouts dressed in Philippine Army uniforms led General Frederick Funston and other Americans into Aguinaldos headquarters, where they quickly overwhelmed the guards and seized the president. On April 1, 1901, Aguinaldo formally surrendered and swore allegiance to the United States. He then retired to his family farm in Cavite. His defeat marked the end of the First Philippine Republic, but not the end of the guerrilla resistance. World War II Aguinaldo continued to be an outspoken advocate of independence for the Philippines. His organization, the Asociacion de los Veteranos de la Revolucion (Association of Revolutionary Veterans), worked to ensure that former rebel fighters had access to land and pensions. His first wife Hilaria died in 1921. Aguinaldo married for a second time in 1930 at the age of 61. His new bride was 49-year-old Marà ­a Agoncillo, the niece of a prominent diplomat. In 1935, the Philippine Commonwealth held its first elections after decades of American rule. Then 66, Aguinaldo ran for president  but was soundly defeated by Manuel Quezon. When Japan seized the Philippines during World War II, Aguinaldo cooperated with the occupation. He joined the Japanese-sponsored Council of State  and made speeches urging an end to Filipino and American opposition to the Japanese. After the United States recaptured the Philippines in 1945, the septuagenarian Aguinaldo was arrested and imprisoned as a collaborator. However, he was quickly pardoned and released, and his reputation was not too severely tarnished. Post-War Era Aguinaldo was appointed to the Council of State again in 1950, this time by President Elpidio Quirino. He served one term before returning to his work on behalf of veterans. In 1962, President Diosdado Macapagal asserted pride in Philippine independence from the United States by making a highly symbolic gesture; he moved the celebration of Independence Day from July 4 to June 12, the date of Aguinaldos declaration of the First Philippine Republic. Aguinaldo himself joined in the festivities, although he was 92 years old and rather frail. The following year, before his final hospitalization, he donated his home to the government as a museum. Death On February 6, 1964, the 94-year-old first president of the Philippines passed away from coronary thrombosis. He left behind a complicated legacy. Aguinaldo fought long and hard for independence for the Philippines and worked tirelessly to secure veterans rights. At the same time, he ordered the execution of his rivals- including Andres Bonifacio- and collaborated with the brutal Japanese occupation of the Philippines. Legacy Although Aguinaldo is today often heralded as a symbol of the democratic and independent spirit of the Philippines, he was a self-proclaimed dictator during his short period of rule. Other members of the Chinese/Tagalog elite, such as Ferdinand Marcos, would later wield that power more successfully. Sources â€Å"Emilio Aguinaldo y Famy.†Ã‚  Emilio Aguinaldo y Famy - The World of 1898: The Spanish-American War (Hispanic Division, Library of Congress).Kinzer, Stephen. The True Flag: Theodore Roosevelt, Mark Twain, and the Birth of American Empire. St. Martins Griffin, 2018.ï » ¿Ooi, Keat Gin.  Southeast Asia a Historical Encyclopedia, from Angkor Wat to East Timor. ABC-CLIO, 2007.Silbey, David.  A War of Frontier and Empire: the Philippine-American War, 1899-1902. Hill and Wang, 2007.

What political consequences would have occurred if Quebec had voted Term Paper

What political consequences would have occurred if Quebec had voted Yes in the 1995 referendum - Term Paper Example not have an implication on Canada alone, but high potential implications on France, Britain and the USA, since a Yes Vote would have influenced the relationship amongst these countries (). The Quebec referendum that was held in 1995 was a second round of vote that was meant to give the residents of the Quebec province in Canada the chance to determine whether they wanted to secede from Canada and thus establish Quebec as a sovereign state (). Quebec has had a long history of wanting to secede from Canada, considering that it is the Canadian providence that is predominantly inhabited by the French-speaking people, whose political relationship with the rest of the Canadian provinces, mostly inhabited by the English-speaking people. Thus, the 1995 referendum was not the first political attempt to have Quebec gain its own independence. Therefore, this discussion seeks to analyze the political consequences that would have followed a yes vote in the 1995 Quebec referendum, with a view to e stablishing both the argument for a positive and those for a negative political consequence. The discussion holds that the Quebec 1995 referendum would have had both positive and negative implications. The political consequences would have occurred if Quebec had voted "Yes" in the 1995 referendum would have granted the aboriginal people the right to self-determination (). This group of people living in the Quebec has had a long history of wanting to be recognized as a core group of the province, who had the right to a sovereign state as did the other groups of the Canadian population, who had gained a sovereign state through the immigration from Britain, France and other parts of Europe, to form an independent and sovereign state in Canada (). Thus, considering that such groups were feeling left out in matters of sovereignty by feeling dominated by the other ethnic groups in Canada, the passing of a yes vote in the 1995 Quebec referendum will have afforded the aboriginal people the

Forming of Diamond Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

Forming of Diamond - Research Paper Example This study focuses upon Diamond as the hardest mineral on earth. It is a natural mineral and is the hardest on Mohs hardness scale that is used to determine the hardness of solids, particularly minerals. This scale that lists the softest to the hardest solids has diamond as its hardest material with a ranking of 10. Although, graphite is also formed of carbon atoms, it is not as strong as diamond. However, graphite is being used in man-made diamonds due to its similarities in composition, where the ring-like structure of carbon atoms of graphite is altered to form a crystalline structure. It is a carbon component found in the form of an ore that is processed and used. The unique molecular structure of the material is what gives it its strength, as five carbon atoms forming a tetrahedron by each atom forming covalent bonds with four other carbon atoms gives diamond its unique stability which is hard to break. It is a crystalline structure with billions of carbon atoms bonding together under very high pressure and temperatures inside the Earth’s mantle at about 100 miles below its crust. These crystals are carried to the surface of the Earth by violent volcanic eruptions. Diamond is chemically inert to most of the acids and alkalis, has low thermal expansion, has a negative electron affinity, is a good thermal conductor, is least compressible, has high specific gravity, and has high refractive index and reflection. Common morphologies or or isometric crystal structures of diamond are: cubical, octahedral and do-decahedron. (Composition and properties of diamond, 2008). Advantages: Diamonds are usually transparent or pale blue but some coloured diamonds are also found due to the presence of impurities in the lattice structure. Traces of Boron, Nitrogen and other gases result in the blue, yellow and other colours of diamonds. Diamonds are found in Kimberlite and Lamproite rocks that are brought to the Earth’

Thw Cold War Essay example -- essays research papers

The Cold War as it is called was a war that started because of tensions between the United States and its allies and the Soviet Union and its allies. The tensions that developed were primarily over military, political, cultural and social ideas that varied greatly between the two nations. Each Nation and its allies developed a distrust that would last for many years and introduce new military and political methods that would shape our future. The Cold War was not a war as we would think with destruction and loss of life. What the Cold War became was distrust between Nations that caused conflict and tension between these nations. The two major countries involved in the conflict were the United States and the Soviet Union. Both of these nations distrusted each other and were unable to negotiate the issues that were fostering the Cold War because of the distrust that they had for each other. The United States and its allies were concerned that Russia was a communist county, ruled by a dictator who cared little about human rights The United States accused the Soviet Union of seeking to expand their version of communism throughout the world. Brittan and the United States (Led by President Truman) wanted to help Germany recover and to prevent large areas of Europe from coming under Communist control. They did not trust USSR since Stalin had signed the Nazi Soviet pact in 1939.Russia believed America was a capitalist democracy, which valued freedom. Stalin wanted reparations from G...

Effects of Washington D.C Snipers

Effects of Washington D. C Snipers Two men that decide they want to take people’s lives into their own hands, can change the way American citizens live their everyday lives. This exact situation happened over a twenty-three day period, when John Muhammad and John Malvo went on a shooting spree in Washington D. C. John Allen Muhammad, a forty-one year old veteran expert marksman of the Persian Gulf War, was the main culprit of the crime. He was accompanied by John Lee Malvo, a seventeen year old Jamaican citizen. These two men killed ten people and wounded three others. The snipers had a strategic plan in shooting their victims. As appose to a random one day spree, they had a well thought out process of how to conduct this shooting. They cut a small hole out of the trunk of an old car. They used this hole to stick their gun out of and shoot people without getting caught, and without people knowing where the shooting was coming from. There were no particular people that they were trying to shoot. Everyone that was shot or wounded was random. They shot people picking their kids up from school, and people filling up with gas. This shooting scared people all over the community and throughout the nation. No one felt safe leaving their homes. Before the criminals were caught people were very cautious performing their everyday activities. Some people did not want to take their kids to school fearing that they, or their children might be in danger. The parents and children who did perform their everyday activities lived in fear every time Dial 2 they were in the open. This shooting also stopped people from wanting to get out of their car to fill up with gas. People also stopped going to the park, and even going out to run and exercise. People who had to walk to and from work were scared to go to their jobs in fear of being shot. Anytime people had to be out in the open, they felt as if they were a target. They were scared that somebody was always watching them through the scope of a rifle. Because the people did not know where the shooting was coming from, they did not know what warnings to look for. Once the shooters were caught, some of the tension was relieved. Even though some of the tension was relieved, some people still had the killings of innocent people in the back of their minds. Since someone had committed such an awful crime, they thought that someone else would commit this crime in a similar style. It took time before kids were out playing in the park again and people were back to their normal everyday activities. Because of this shooting, more cars are stopped and searched, because of small traffic violations to ensure the safety of others. More cameras have been put up throughout the city so cops can look at what happened after a crime has been committed, and hopefully bring the criminals to justice. During the time of big events, there are also more roads closed and blocked where all cars are stopped and questioned. Crimes like this also make it harder for the everyday citizen to buy a gun. It also makes people consider going and getting a concealed weapons license. Even today, five years later, people are still worried about crimes like this being committed. Some people feel as if they are a target every time they step out of their front door. Cops all over America have been trained to be able to spot suspicious behavior and know what to look for. The Government’s job is to make everyone feel safe, although this is not always possible because of similar situations from the past.

World War II The Great War - 1083 Words

World War II The devastation left by the Great War (aka World War 1) had greatly destabilized Europe, and in many aspects World War II grew out of issues left unresolved by the conflicts of WW1. In particular, political and economic instability in Germany left by the harsh punishments and terms imposed by the Versailles Treaty, fueled the rise to power of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi party. In the years between the first and second world wars there was a time of great instability with a world wide depression. It was also a time when Germany, Italy and Japan developed intense nationalist feelings that led to a desire to expand. Germany in Northern and Eastern Europe, Italy in Africa and Greece, and Japan in Asia and the South†¦show more content†¦This even struck off the beginning of World War II. Britain and France both declared war on Germany in support of Poland, but they were slow to take any effective actions to prevent the invasion. The French military and government expec ted Poland would hold out till spring, this would allow France time to mobilize troops. But according to History.net, Germany demonstrated the effectiveness of combined arms warfare, in which infantry, armor, artillery and aircraft work in coordination. This type of war required rapid communication; in preparation, the Germans had developed radios small enough that every vehicle could be equipped with one. Soviet troops invaded Poland from the east on September 17th. Under attack from both sides, Poland fell quickly, and soon Germany and the Soviet Union had divided control over Poland, because of the secret protocol appended to the Nonaggression Pact. Stalin’s forces then moved on to take over Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. During the next six months, the lack of action by Germany and the Allies led to talk of a â€Å"phony war.† But at sea the British and German navies fought fiercely. Germany had a great advantage over Britain. The use of U-boats devastated the Brit ish navy. Blitzkrieg was a new style of war brought into World War II by Germany. Blitzkrieg meant lightning war, the Germans actually used the term blitzkrieg to refer to a war of short duration, but it came to refer to combined-arms tactics of rapid

French Verb Mood

Mood (or  le mode  in French) refers to the verb forms that describe the attitude of the speaker toward the action/state of the verb. In other words, mood indicates how likely or factual the speaker believes the statement to be. The French language has six moods: indicative, subjunctive, conditional, imperative, participle, and infinitive. Personal Moods In French, there are four personal moods.  Personal moods make a distinction between grammatical persons; that is, they are  conjugated. The table below lists the name of the mood in French in the first column, followed by the English translation of the mood in the second column, an explanation of the mood in the third column, and then an example of its use and the English translation in the final two columns. La Mode Mood Explanation Example English Translation Indicatif Indicative Indicates a fact: the most common mood je fais I do Subjonctif Subjunctive Expresses subjectivity, doubt, or unlikelihood je fasse I do Conditionnel Conditional Describes a condition or possibility je ferais I would do Impratif Imperative Gives a command fais-le! do it! Impersonal Moods There are two impersonal moods in French. Impersonal moods are invariable, meaning that they do not distinguish between grammatical persons. They are not conjugated, but  instead, have a single form for all persons.   La Mode Mood Explanation Example English Translation Participe Participle Adjectival form of the verb faisant doing Infinitif Infinitive Nominal form of the verb, as well as its name faire to do As is often the case in French, there is an important exception to the rule that impersonal moods are not conjugated: In the case of  pronominal verbs, the  reflexive pronoun  must  change to agree with its subject. Reflexive pronouns are a special kind of French pronoun that can only be used with  pronominal verbs. These verbs need a reflexive pronoun in addition to a  subject pronoun  because the subject(s) performing the action of the verb are the same as the object(s) being acted upon.   Tenses vs. Moods In French, as in English, the difference between moods and tenses can vex those learning the language, as well as native speakers. The difference between tense and mood is very simple. Tense indicates the when of the verb: whether the action takes place in the past, present, or future. Mood describes the feeling of the verb, or more specifically, the speakers attitude toward the action of the verb. Is s/he saying that its true or uncertain? Is it a possibility or a command? These nuances are expressed with different moods. Moods and tenses work together to give verbs a precise meaning. Each mood has at least two tenses, present, and past, though some moods have more. The indicative mood is the most common—you might call it the normal mood—and has eight tenses. When you conjugate a verb, you do so by first choosing the appropriate mood and then adding a tense to it. To gain more understanding of moods versus tenses, take a few minutes to review  verb conjugation and verb timeline for more information about how tenses and moods fit together.

The Destruction Of Igbo Culture The African Perspective

The Destruction of Igbo Culture: The African Perspective When the colonization of Africa by European nations began during the late 1800s, the African tribes could do little to resist their culture being destroyed. As a result, Europe wrote much of African history during the colonial period of Africa. In this version of African history, African tribes were looked down upon as primitive and savage as they did not have many of the advancements of European culture. This narrow portrayal of African culture motivated Chinua Achebe, a man of the Igbo nation in Nigeria, to write his landmark novel Things Fall Apart (published in 1959), to not only tell the African perspective of their colonization, but also as a way of showing that his culture was not simple and straightforward to understand; it was intricate and dynamic. Forty-nine years after the publication of Things Fall Apart, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie published her short story â€Å"The Headstrong Historian†. The story has the same setting as Achebe’s Things Fall Apart, and begi ns at the time when missionaries had first come to Africa to convert Africans to Christianity. The short story delves further into one aspect of Achebe’s Things Fall Apart, which is how changing religion can cause separation from culture, while showing criticism of Achebe’s portrayal of women and the ending of his novel. In Igbo society, unmasking one of the egwugwu (a man impersonating one of the ancestral spirits of the village) is the equivalent ofShow MoreRelatedThings Falll Apart by Chinua Achebe1082 Words   |  4 Pagesgreat village man is highly respected in the Igbo tribe of Umuofia. Although, Okonkwo is highly respected by the Igbo people, they are fearful of him because of his violent anger. When the Europeans arrived in Umuofia, they brought with them a new religion: Christianity. The Westerners changed Umuofia, destroyed tradition and destroyed Okonkwo. Things Fall Apart is a great novel recognised for its impact on the world’s understanding of Africa and African people. The novel’s English translation enabledRead MoreCritical Analysis Of Okonkwo1678 Words   |  7 PagesLevel Two Questions: 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Okonkwo embodies all the ideal and heroic traits of the Igbo culture. He is strong, authoritative, hardworking, and successful. The opening sentence states that â€Å"Okonkwo was well known throughout the nine villages and even beyond† (Achebe 3). Okonkwo is great and famous because of his â€Å"solid personal achievements† (Achebe 3). How does he achieve greatness and how is he defined by his culture? Okonkwo first achieved fame and recognition when he became the village’s wrestlingRead MorePostcolonial Literature (Persepolis Things Fall Apart)1504 Words   |  7 Pagesinferior through western perspective and both texts, even though reinforce colonialists’ oppressive ideology, don’t stand completely against the colonialists and fault their own culture. They present the themes of dislocation on how western influences changes, religious, social and economical aspects in the Igbo and the Iranian society. ‘Things fall Apart’ presents an African response to British imperialism in contrary to Joseph Conrad’s ‘Heart of Darkness’, which presents African as â€Å"savage†. As saidRead MoreThings Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe740 Words   |  3 Pagesand they largely portrayed Africans as savages who needed to be enlightened by Europeans. For example, Joseph Conrads classic tale Heart of Darkness (1899), one of the most celebrated novels of the early twentieth century, presents Africa as a wild, dark, and uncivilized continent. In Mister Johnson (1939), which in 1952 Time called the best novel ever written about Africa (Cheerful para. 15), Irishman Joyce Carys protagonist is a semieducated, childish African who, on the whole, reinforcesRead MoreList Of Major Characters In Things Fall Apart By Chinua Achebe1345 Words   |  6 PagesEzinma: Okonkwo’s favorite kid, understanding, Okonkwo wishes she was a boy Mr. Brown: White missionary, brings peace and understanding to the Igbo people, builds schools and hospitals 4. 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Things Fall Apart  is a tragic and moving story of Okonkwo and the destruction of the villageRead MorePostcolonial Literature: Uncovering Western Myths Essay1309 Words   |  6 PagesAfrica has been the embodiment of european perspectives before and after the Colonialism; these perspectives have attempted to provide insights on the facts behind it. In those terms, Africa has been reduced an atmosphere of concepts such as deep darkness, mystery, and madness, a place in which attrocities arise at any time of the day, and people are savages and chaotic. From that colonialist viewpoint, Africa was a place that needed help and control urgently in order to save it form itself and civilizeRead MoreAntigone Iriola Analysis1129 Words   |  5 Pagesclearly can be classified as an heir of Orlando. The story is both written by and in the perspective of a Nigerian woman. As Orlando touches upon issues of identity and misogynistic cultures, so does Unigwe. Newly-widowed Nneka was physically a bused throughout the duration of her marriage to Okpala, who raped her on their wedding night and caused her to have a miscarriage. It does not appear that Nigerian culture values survivors of domestic assault, as Nneka’s experiences remain secretive. AdditionallyRead MoreAnalysis Of Things Fall Apart 1817 Words   |  8 PagesCrystal Wu Ms. Johns Honors English 3-4 12 August, 2016 Things Fall Apart 1. Okonkwo endeavors to measure up to the traditional Igbo standards of masculinity, for which his culture highly regards and esteems. Epitomizing and personifying the ideal heroic qualities in the Igbo culture, an industrious Okonkwo experiences not only social but financial success which is driven and fueled by a passion of loathing â€Å"everything that his father Unoka had loved† (13). His idle, imprudent father owes nearlyRead MoreThings Fall Apart Essay2440 Words   |  10 Pages(1958) is a fictional novel by Chinua Achebe that examines the life the Igbo tribe living in a rural village called Umuofia in Nigeria during the early 19th century. The central values of the novel revolve around status, virtues, power, and traditions that often determine the futures and present of the characters in the Achebe story. The novel shows the life of the protagonist Okonkwo and his family, village, and Igbo culture and the affects of colonisation of Umuofia on him and the people of h is

Comparison of Dutch Economy and German Econmy in Last 30 Years Free Essays

Comparison of Economic Growth between The Netherlands and Germany (1978-2009) Introduction About 16 years ago, when European Community became European Union(hereinafter to be referred as EU) , the Netherlands and Germany, as two founding members of the EU, have been played an important role in European and world’s economy. When talked about Dutch economy, East indies company must be a start. As the first company in the world, it helped the Netherlands to be the leader of world’s economy seventeenth century and to build Dutch entrepreneurship. We will write a custom essay sample on Comparison of Dutch Economy and German Econmy in Last 30 Years or any similar topic only for you Order Now The capital city of the Netherlands, Amsterdam, use to be the financial and business centre of the world. Later, Dutch economy has seen by many declined for a while. But, since 1980s, dutch government has reduced intervention, dutch economy become more prosperous and open again. To the east of the Netherlands, Germany stands in the central europe, as the largest national economy in Europe, ranked fourth by nominal GDP and fifth by GDP (PPP) in the world in 2008. After the industrialization, this country has become a driver and innovator in global economy. Especially when west and east Germany unified in 1990, the country’s economy went out from the recession after second war’s big hit. Compared these two countries’ economic development, there are a lot similarities and differences due to its close position in Europe continent, culture background, and even history. This paper is organized as follow. Section 2 introduces briefly the concepts of economic growth and the key concepts in measuring economic development, section 3 explains how rule of law effect economic development in the Netherlands and Germany, section 4 presents the relationship between income distribution and economic development, section 5 describes cultural influence on economic development, section 6 consists of examples of successful entrepreneurship in the Netherlands and Germany, section 6 deals with the technology factor in economy in the two countries. Section 8 comprises comparison and conclusion. Section 1 1. 1 To start with the comparison,we need to define what economic growth is and the key concepts of economic development. At first, the economic growth we are going to study is long-run economic growth. Long-run economic growth is the growth of what an economy is able to produce given its labour force, knowledge, technology, tools, machines, land. It is not about the growth of what an economy actually produces, that type of economic growth is short-run economic growth. Economic growth implies increases in per-capita real gross domestic product (GDP), namely widening of the production scale in a country as a whole, or more efficient use of its economic resources to produce goods and services(Kibritcioglu, 2001). Real GDP is the value of final goods and services produced in a given year when valued at constant prices. It is the best measure of total production and the increase in real GDP is used to measure economic growth, as by comparing the value of the goods and services produced at constant prices we can measure the change in the quantity of production (Parkin, 2008, pp. 91). 1. 2 figures in the Netherlands and Germany Figure 1: GDP growth in percentage in the Netherlands and Germany(1978-2007) [pic] Source: WDI(world development indicators) online 2007, the World Bank Group Figure 2: GDP growth per capita in percentage in the Netherlands and Germany(1978- 2007) [pic] Source: WDI(world development indicators) online 2007, the World Bank Group Fi gure 1 and figure 2 show the annual GDP growth and GDP per capita growth in percentage in the Netherlands and Germany from 1978 to 2007. As in figure 1 and figure 2, from 1978 to 1982, the Netherlands and Germany both suffered an economics recession, with the annual GDP growth in percentage declining from 2. 33% in 1978 to -1. 21% in 1982 in the Netherlands and 3. 01% in 1978 to -0. 39% in 1982 in Germany. Then the Netherlands and Germany both experienced fluctuations in GDP growth. Especially in 1990, the Netherlands had a sharp rise from -1. 21% in 1990 to 4. 42% in 1989 and Germany experienced a sharp increase in 1990 from -0. 39% to 5. 26%, which is the highest growth rate for Germany in last 30 year. Afterwards, it shows a different trend between the Netherlands and Germany. The GDP growth declined to 1. 26% in 1993 and raised again till 4. 68% in 1999, while German GDP growth declined to 2. 01% in 1999 steadily. In the next 10 years, Dutch growth rate decreased till 0. 08% again as the lowest rate and then the rate slowly went up and became steady in recent years. Germany also showed the same pattern but the rate is lower than the Netherlands in general. Though the figures, we can see the Netherlands and Germany have a lot common in GDP growth rate and GDP per capita growth rate. Economy in these two countries are likely to be steady. Only in some year like 1982, 1990, 1993, 1999, 2002, it showed a sharp rise or decline. So, what happened in these remarkable years? What caused the difference in growth rate between the Netherlands and Germany? In the following sections we will discuss four key concepts related to economic growth in order to see through these problems. Section 2 2. 1 Economic freedom Economic theory indicates that economic freedom affects incentives, productive effort, and the effectiveness of resource use(de Haan,2000). We start with definition of the economic freedom:â€Å"Individuals have economic freedom when (a) property they acquire without the use of force, fraud, or theft is protected from physical invasions by others, and (b) they are free to use, exchange, or give their property to another as long as their actions do not violate the identical rights of others†(Gwartney et al. , 1996). Moreover, the key indicators of economic freedom are personal choice, voluntary exchange coordinated by markets, freedom to enter and compete in markets, and protection of persons and their property from aggression by others (Robert, 2006). In this paper, we use the indicators of the Fraser Institute. Gwartney et al. (1996) choose 17 measures and rate a high number of countries on each of these measures on a scale of 0–10, in which zero means that a country is completely unfree and 10 means it is completely free. The measures are in four broad areas: Money and inflation; Government operations and regulations; ‘Takings’’ and discriminatory taxation; and International exchange(de Haan,2000). 2. 2 Figures analysis Figure 3: level and ranking of economic freedom of the Netherlands(1970-2006) [pic]Source: freetheworld. om 2008, The Fraser Institute Figure 4: level and ranking of economic freedom of Germany(1970-2006) [pic] Source: freetheworld. com 2008, The Fraser Institute Though these two figures, we can see the Netherlands and Germany had the same pattern during last 30 years and they both got a high rate, which means they were both free to a large extent in economy. After 1980, the rate in the Netherlands was a little higher than the rate in Germany, but both are very stable. Compared with the rest of the world, the economy in the Netherlands and Germany are comparatively free. . 3 Results After we look though the GDP growth rate and economic freedom rate, we found there is a relationship between those two figures. More economic freedom fosters economic growth, but that the level of freedom is not related to growth. In other words, our findings suggest that more economic freedom will bring countries more quickly to their steady state level of economic growthif they are below that level. , but that the level of steady state growth is not affected by the level of economic freedom(de Haan and Sturm, 1994). And always the countries with more economic freedom can achieve higher levels of GDP per capital and grow faster (Lawson Moor Chair, 2006). So we can say high economic freedom rate do contribute to high GDP growth rate, and steady economic freedom also has a positive effect on economic growth. Section 3(income distribution) 3. 1 income distribution Section 4 (Culture) 4. 1 Culture As Hofstede said the world is full of confrontations between people, groups, and nations who think, feel, and act differently. At the same time, these people, groups, and nations, are exposed to common problems that demand cooperation for their solution(2004, p2). Those confrontations and cooperation are called culture. Using the Hofstede’s â€Å"Onion† model to depicts four cultural concepts: symbols represent the most superficial and values the deepest manifestations of culture, with heroes and rituals in between(2004, p6). Economic development will not stop at national borders. Globalization also require us to deal with culture differences and all the countries should work more closely than ever. 4. 2 Dimensions of Culture Five dimensions were frequently used to measure culture difference: power distance(PDI), the extent to which the less powerful members of institutions and organizations within a country expect and accept that power is distributed unequally(Hofstede, 2004, p46); Individualism(IDV), pertains to societies in which the ties between individuals are loose: everyone is expected to look after himself or herself and his or her immediate family(Hofstede, 2004, p76); Masculinity(MAS): A society is called masculine when emotional gender roles are clearly distinct(Hofstede, 2004, p120); Uncertainty Avoidance(UAI), the extent to which the members of a culture feel threatened by ambiguous or unknown situations(Hofstede, 2004, p167); Long-term Orientation(LTO), the fostering of virtues oriented toward future rewards, in particular, perseverance and thrift(Hofstede, 2004, p210). Following is the index scores of Germany and the Netherlands, compared with the World’s average. Figure 5: Culture d imensions’ index scores of Germany(1967-2001) [pic] Note: The Germany’s Index Scores:PDI=35, IDV=67,MAS=66,UAI=65,LTO=31 Sources: from IBM data base(1967-2001),except LTO from original Chinese Value Survey database(2005) Figure 6: Culture dimensions’ index scores of the Netherlands(1967-2001) [pic] Note: The Netherlands’ Index Scores:PDI=38, IDV=80,MAS=14,UAI=53,LTO=44 Sources: from IBM data base(1967-2001),except LTO from original Chinese Value Survey database(2005) Figure 7: Culture dimensions’ average index scores of the World(1967-2001) [pic] Note: The world’ Average Index Scores:PDI=55, IDV=43,MAS=50,UAI=64,LTO=45 Sources: from IBM data base(1967-2001), except LTO from original Chinese Value Survey database(2005). According to the figures above, we can see PDI in these two countries are lower than average,which means people in these two countries are more equally treated than the rest of the world. For IDV index, the Netherlands and Germany are both societies with more individualistic attitudes, people there are more self-reliant and look after themselves or their close family members, also, individual pride and respect are more highly held values than world’s average. When talked about uncertainty avoidance, Germany scored a little higher than the Netherlands, which shows it’s a country will reduce the level of uncertainty by enhancing laws, policies and regulations to avoid unknown circumstances. In LTO, the Netherlands scores higher than Germany, which indicates its long-term oriented culture. But compared with the world’s average,the Netherlands and Germany scored more or less in above four dimensions, except in Masculinity, the Netherlands got a lowest score at 14 among its dimensions which indicates a lower level of differentiation and discrimination between men and women. In Netherlands, women are treated more equally than Germany. Though every country has its own culture background,economic development will not stop at national borders. Globalization requires us to deal with culture differences and work more closely with other countries than ever. Nuclear warfare, global warming, poverty, AIDS, even recent economic recession are all good examples for global cooperation. Section5 (Entrepreneurship) Reference Kibritcioglu, A. and S. Dibooglu, ‘Long-run Economic Growth: An Interdisciplinary Approach,’ Office of Research Working Paper No. 01-0121, University of Illinois 2001 (http://www. business. uiuc. edu/Working_Papers/papers/01-0121. pdf ): Parkin, M. (2008). Economics(8th ed). Boston: Pearson Education. J. De Haan and J. -E. Sturm, On the relationship between economic freedom and economic growth, European Journal of Political Economy 16(2000), pp. 215–241. Gwartney, J. , Lawson, R. , Block, W. , 1996. Economic Freedom in the World, 1975–1995. Fraser Institute,Vancouver. Cowell, F. A. , 1999, â€Å"Measurement of Inequality† in Atkinson, A. B. and F. Bourguignon (eds) Handbook of Income Distribution, North Holland, Amsterdam. Hofstede, G. (2004) Cultures and Organizations: Software of the Mind. New York: McGraw-Hill International. Wealth, Culture, and Corruption Bryan W. Husted and Instituto Tecnologico y de Estudios Journal of International Business Studies, Vol. 30, No. 2 (2nd Qtr. , 1999), pp. 339-359 http://www. jstor. org/stable/155316 How to cite Comparison of Dutch Economy and German Econmy in Last 30 Years, Papers

Infrastructures of E-Commerce Strategy-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Infrastructures of E-commerce strategy. Answer: Infrastructures of e-commerce strategy: E-commerce now emerges as a gigantic manner so that every organization is now addicted to using it in order to manage the profit. Amazon, one of the biggest online shopping companies, can be a great example regarding utilizing the e-commerce technology. There are some infrastructures behind the whole procedures, and some layers are also there which is essential to be understood. Basically e-commerce business depends on the website, mobile application development where the company can connect with the customers. Amazon is also using this technique where 4 layers such as network technology substrate, transport and representation standard, middleware service and application layer situated or intermingled together to facilitate the technology in hand of the customers. As the internet started the journey, ecommerce got interlinked with it, and network technology substrate allows the customers to get the all resources as much as possible. Amazon Company builds the communication through web site and mobile application where network technology substrate layer, which is composed of the telecommunication network, helps to connect the terminal. It is a bunch or collection of the terminal nodes (Cariou et al., 2017). When customers want to communicate with the websites all these nodes enables message-switching, circuit switching to transfer the signals via correct links and nodes to derive the information. In the next layer, which is the transport and representation standard consists of TCP/IP protocol, is the set of rules or principle which allows one network to connect numbers of end users or numerous interconnected networks. The connection is made in this layer which allows the network technology substrate to get all the information available for the customers (Da Xu, He Li, 2014). Amazon Company using their portal by utilizing this two layers which are involved in connecting and building the networks. With the help of the internet, customers are now using all the resou rces at a time, and network technology substrate and transportation layer help to build and transport the information to the customers. Interlink between this two layers allow the middleware layer to perform in this part. Middleware layer just acts like glue which helps two layers to facilitate their works properly. It is basically a software through which all the information are performed or can be expressed to the customers. Middleware is the third party involvement, which helps to organize the databases between client end and company end and this is generally used to add the diversified software programs and enables them to talk or connect to each other (Nori et al,. 2016). All this procedures and layers ultimately get their destination or shape through the application layer, which is mainly the software or application. Customers use this layer or application to derive all the information, which they want. Application is the last layer where all the above three layers collected or are structured one by one to facilitate the information to their customers (Karagiannis et al,.2015). Amazon Company is using this infr astructure layer in their e-commerce business to allow the clients in order to promote their products or services References: Cariou, M., Potelon, B., Quendo, C., Cadiou, S., Schlaffer, E., Pessl, W., Le Fevre, A. (2017). Compact $ X $-Band Filter Based on Substrate Integrated Coaxial Line Stubs Using Advanced Multilayer PCB Technology.IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques,65(2), 496-503 Da Xu, L., He, W., Li, S. (2014). Internet of things in industries: A survey.IEEE Transactions on industrial informatics,10(4), 2233-2243. Karagiannis, V., Chatzimisios, P., Vazquez-Gallego, F., Alonso-Zarate, J. (2015). A survey on application layer protocols for the internet of things.Transaction on IoT and Cloud Computing,3(1), 11-17.. Nori, A. K., Shukla, D., Christensen, Y., Krishnaprasad, M., Sedukhin, I. (2016).U.S. Patent No. 9,336,060. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.

Tactics and Maneuvers of Hannibal Essay Example

Tactics and Maneuvers of Hannibal Essay The banks of Lake Trasimene were glistening in blood as the last Roman soldier was slain. The army of Carthage won yet another victory against the Republic of Rome. Hannibal’s tactics and maneuvers led to the death of 15,000 Roman soldiers because of a surprise attack out maneuvering the Roman army. This was the battle of Lake Trasimene, during the First Punic War in 217BC, Hannibal’s army had the opportunity to lay siege to Rome after decimating one of the immense forces of the Republic of Rome. Standing between Lake Trasimene and the city of Rome was only a two-day, 80 mile, march to the gates. Hannibal could have given the orders to march on the Capitol, but stopped short and never attempted an attack. Scholars have assumed that Hannibal did not have the siege equipment, reinforcements or even the supplies to begin his march. Some have thought, quite possibly, he may not have had the desire or the ability to destroy Rome at the time. If Hannibal had the siege equipme nt to storm the wall, reinforcements to outnumber the Roman guards, and the overall attack strength to take Rome by sheer force. Then we would have had a change in our history, and the fall of Rome would have come much earlier than history remembers. Is it possible Hannibal could have overcome these obstacles to defeat Rome and save Carthage for its future demise? Or, was the fall of Carthage ultimately inevitable? The first thing Hannibal needed to sack the Republic of Rome was siege equipment. Siege equipment has been most notably essential to breaking through the enemy walls and barriers in ancient history. Roman fortifications were well supported and strengthened. Rome’s walls were built over sixty feet high and surrounded the city by twelve miles (Toy chapter 4). Towers were placed roughly every one hundred feet, along with eighteen gates to strengthen its structure and accessibility for Rome’s people (Toy chapter 4). The Carthaginian army would need siege e We will write a custom essay sample on Tactics and Maneuvers of Hannibal specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Tactics and Maneuvers of Hannibal specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Tactics and Maneuvers of Hannibal specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

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buy custom Development of Church Policy essay Medieval period represented major developments of the church policy. During this period, the church dominated the society. Medieval people believed in God entirely. Thus, the church had control over them. Both peasants and town people worked for free in church. One of the major policies that were implemented during medieval period was the translation of the Great works that particularly related to church activities from Latin to English. This made it possible for the works to spread across Europe (Powell, 2006). Moreover, this facilitated the spread of the Roman Catholic Church. During this period, many people were illiterate. Thus, the church developed a policy where it sponsored learning institutions. Large number of people was able to read and write. During the medieval period, the pope played both spiritual and political roles. He represented the authority of the church. He influenced the direction of the church and the state. Pope had the authority to make decisions affecting the church and the entire empire. For example, Pope Innocent III facilitated the re-union of the western and Byzantine Empire. Thus, pope could perform the duties of the king or those of the emperor. Throughout the history of papacy, Pope Innocent III was the most influential and powerful. He was able to exert changes over all Christian regimes especially in Europe. He supported catholic reforms. This was on ecclesiastical matters. In addition, due to his influence, there was an increase in the canon law. Politically, he was highly influential. For example, he used interdiction and censures to ensure that the prince obeyed his decisions. He was able to call for military action against some religious groups such as Muslims and Cathars. He also called for the Fourth Crusade that resulted in the sacking of Constantinople by his crusaders. This led to the reunion of both the Western and Eastern churches something that made the Pope happy. Therefore, the reign of Pope Innocent III, clearly shows that Popes were both religious and political leaders during this period. Buy custom Development of Church Policy essay